{"id":10276,"date":"2024-10-19T10:44:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T08:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/?page_id=10276"},"modified":"2025-06-22T17:54:47","modified_gmt":"2025-06-22T15:54:47","slug":"dirck-van-os","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/dirck-van-os\/","title":{"rendered":"Dirck van Os"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><figure style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a4\/Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\/800px-Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\" alt=\"undefined\" width=\"800\" height=\"1031\"><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dirck van Os as an ensign in 1583. This portrait by Cornelis de Visscher is in the Stedelijk Museum Alkmaar but on loan from the Hollands Noorderkwartier Water Board.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-1' id='fnref-10276-1' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>1<\/a><\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure><b>Dirck van Os<\/b> (Antwerp, 1556 \u2013 Amsterdam, 1615) was an Amsterdam merchant, insurer, and financier, originally from Brabant.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-2' id='fnref-10276-2' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>2<\/a><\/sup> He is among the founders of the <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Compagnie_van_Verre\">Compagnie van Verre<\/a>, the&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_East_India_Company\">United East India Company<\/a> (VOC),&nbsp; the <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Amsterdam Exchange Bank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amsterdam_Exchange_Bank\">Amsterdam Exchange Bank<\/a> and the main investor in the Beemster.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-1\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\">\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contents<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#Biography\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1 <\/span><span class=\"toctext\">Biography<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#Family\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2 <\/span><span class=\"toctext\">Family<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3 <\/span><span class=\"toctext\">References<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#External_links\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4 <\/span><span class=\"toctext\">External links<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\">\n<h2 id=\"Biography\">Biography<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p>Van Os seems to have been born to a trader in <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Pigments\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pigments\">pigments<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Tapestries\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tapestries\">tapestries<\/a>, originally from&nbsp;<a title=\"'s-Hertogenbosch\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%27s-Hertogenbosch\">&#8216;s-Hertogenbosch<\/a>, who had moved to Antwerp around 1550.<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-2\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-3\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a>&nbsp;<\/sup>Not much is known about his baptism or his parents.<\/p>\n<p>Dirck served as captain of militia in the <a title=\"Fall of Antwerp\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fall_of_Antwerp\">Fall of Antwerp<\/a>, wherein the city surrendered to the&nbsp;<a title=\"Duke of Parma\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Duke_of_Parma\">Duke of Parma <\/a>in 1585. After this point he moved to <a title=\"Middelburg, Zeeland\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middelburg,_Zeeland\">Middelburg<\/a>. In January 1588, Van Os married Margretha van der Piet.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> He and his brother Hendrick (1555-1623) traded in grain and salt, primarily on Spain and ports on the <a title=\"Baltic Sea\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baltic_Sea\">Baltic Sea<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-5\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> Van Os cooperated together with <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isaac_le_Maire\">Isaac le Maire<\/a> on Danzig. In 1595, they organized an expedition to get salt in&nbsp;<a title=\"Set\u00fabal\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Set%C3%BAbal\">Set\u00fabal<\/a>&nbsp;and ship it to&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Archangelsk\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Archangelsk\">Archangelsk.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In March 1602 he was one of the founders of the <a title=\"Dutch East India Company\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_East_India_Company\">Dutch East India Company<\/a>, and served as one of the first directors. The shares were sold at his house in the Nes; <sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-3' id='fnref-10276-3' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>3<\/a><\/sup> likely they rented part of Maria Margaretha monastery, now Brakke Grond.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-4' id='fnref-10276-4' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>4<\/a><\/sup> The brothers hired a bookkeeper Anthonie van Breen who moved in. With 47,000 guilders, they were the largest investors.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-6\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> This number grew to 120,000 by 1609.<sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-7\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup> The oldest <a title=\"Share (finance)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Share_(finance)\">stock share<\/a> in the world, dated 27 September 1606, was&nbsp; signed by him.<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-9\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a> <\/sup><\/p>\n<pre><a href=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/huisonderzoeken\/keizersgracht-426\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Balthasar de Moucheron<\/a> appeared to cooperate in the establishment of the VOC. He attended one meeting, on 20 March 1602, but demanded free navigation on the east coast of Africa and a deferment of payment.<\/pre>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/fe\/Gezicht_op_het_Margaretha-klooster_en_de_Pieterskapel_te_Amsterdam%2C_RP-P-2019-344.jpg\" width=\"238\" height=\"358\"><\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 247px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/adlib.catharijneconvent.nl\/wwwopacximages\/wwwopac.ashx?command=getcontent&amp;server=images&amp;value=BMH%20g2342a_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"247\" height=\"203\"><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Margretaklooster tussen de OZ. Voorburgwal en de Nes.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-5' id='fnref-10276-5' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>5<\/a><\/sup><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In 1607 he was involved in reclaiming the Beemster (7200 ha). He cooperated with J.A. Leeghwater, the expert in wind mills. This polder inundated in January 1610 after four days of storm.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-6' id='fnref-10276-6' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>6<\/a><\/sup> The second attempt was more successful.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-7' id='fnref-10276-7' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>7<\/a><\/sup> Immediately after the reclamation, Van Os had rapeseed sown, very suitable as a first crop after poldering because rapeseed is not sensitive to the still salty soil and because it rises early and therefore suppresses weeds. With the proceeds, all the oil mills in the Zaanstreek could operate for a year.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-8' id='fnref-10276-8' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>8<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/df\/Atlas_Schoemaker-WESTFRIESLAND-DEEL1-126-Noord-Holland%2C_De_Beemster.jpeg\"><\/p>\n<p>The company, a partnership, had an account at the <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Wisselbank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wisselbank\">Wisselbank<\/a> from the beginning. In 1609 they were involved in the expedition of <a title=\"Henry Hudson\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Henry_Hudson\">Henry Hudson<\/a> to find an alternative route to the East and reached Manhattan. The Van Os, including his son-in-law Van der Straeten, acquired 46 plots, more than one-seventh of the land in <a title=\"Beemster\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beemster\">Beemster<\/a>.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-9' id='fnref-10276-9' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>9<\/a><\/sup> In the <a title=\"Purmer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Purmer\">Purmer<\/a> they again lost a lot of money.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-10' id='fnref-10276-10' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>10<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-10\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\">]<\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>He was buried at Nieuwezijds Kapel in 1615 but a record does not exist.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-11' id='fnref-10276-11' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>11<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: Bitter, Georgia, serif; font-size: 30px;\">Family<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\">Dirck van Os had several children: Maria, Dirck, Hendrick, David, Margrieta, Elisabeth, Anna and Francois (1592-1660).<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-12' id='fnref-10276-12' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>12<\/a><\/sup> As they inherited the oldest shares in the VOC they all must be regarded as quite rich. Maria married David Sohier. Margrieta married Philip van der Straeten. Francois married Agneta Pels and Sara Wijs.&nbsp; He lived at <em>Zwaansvliet<\/em> in the Beemster, next to his brother.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-13' id='fnref-10276-13' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>13<\/a><\/sup> <sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-14' id='fnref-10276-14' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>14<\/a><\/sup> David who married Anna Wijntjes in 1622 moved to Alkmaar.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-15' id='fnref-10276-15' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>15<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Portrait of Dirck van Os\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Portrait_of_Dirck_van_Os\">Dirck van Os II<\/a> (Amsterdam, 26 August 1590\u2013Middenbeemster, 16 January 1668),<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-16' id='fnref-10276-16' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>16<\/a><\/sup> served from 1618\u20131666 as the <a title=\"Dijkgraaf (official)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dijkgraaf_(official)\">dijkgraaf<\/a> of Beemster, and was the subject of a&nbsp;portrait currently owned by&nbsp;<a title=\"Joslyn Art Museum\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joslyn_Art_Museum\">Joslyn Art Museum<\/a>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<a title=\"Omaha, Nebraska\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Omaha,_Nebraska\">Omaha, Nebraska<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Joslyn_Finds_Rembrandt_In_Its_Attic_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_note-Joslyn_Finds_Rembrandt_In_Its_Attic-12\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\">] <\/span><\/a><\/sup>He married <a class=\"person ng-binding\" tabindex=\"0\" href=\"https:\/\/archief.amsterdam\/indexen\/#\" data-ng-click=\"simpleSearchPerson(person)\">Helena van Oerel<\/a> from Neurenberg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>His brother Hendrick is known as an trader in diamonds, an art lover and collectioneur.<sup class='footnote'><a href='#fn-10276-17' id='fnref-10276-17' onclick='return fdfootnote_show(10276)'>17<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3>References<\/h3>\n<div class=\"reflist\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-1\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J.G._van_Dillen\">Dillen, J.G. van<\/a>&nbsp;(1958) Het oudste aandeelhoudersregister van de Kamer Amsterdam der Oost-Indische Compagnie, p. 110-111<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-2\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/biografieportaal.nl\/recensie\/dirk-van-os-een-brabantse-koopman-in-amsterdam\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/biografieportaal.nl\/recensie\/dirk-van-os-een-brabantse-koopman-in-amsterdam\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-3\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\">Alice Boots en Rob Woortman (2023) Een geniale koopman. Dirk van Os en de invloed van Zuid-Nederlanders op de Amsterdamse geldmarkt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-4\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\">Dillen, J.G. van (1958) Het oudste aandeelhoudersregister van de Kamer Amsterdam der Oost-Indische Compagnie, p. 110<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-5\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"CITEREFGelderblom2000\" class=\"citation book cs1\">Gelderblom, Oscar (August 24, 2000).&nbsp;<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=neIWrD1zn_sC&amp;q=Dirck+van+Os&amp;pg=PA160\" rel=\"nofollow\"><i>Zuid-Nederlandse kooplieden en de opkomst van de Amsterdamse stapelmarkt (1578-1630)<\/i><\/a>. Uitgeverij Verloren.&nbsp;<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\">ISBN<\/a>&nbsp;<a title=\"Special:BookSources\/9065506209\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9065506209\"><bdi>9065506209<\/bdi><\/a>&nbsp;\u2013 via Google Books.<\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-6\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140408230606\/http:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten-en-publicaties\/toespraken\/2012\/02\/15\/beursplein-netwerkdiner-2012.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">&#8220;Beursplein netwerkdiner 2012 | Toespraak | Rijksoverheid.nl&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.rijksoverheid.nl\/documenten-en-publicaties\/toespraken\/2012\/02\/15\/beursplein-netwerkdiner-2012.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 2014-04-08<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved&nbsp;<span class=\"nowrap\">2014-04-07<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-7\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.financieelerfgoedopdekaart.nl\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">&#8220;Financieel Erfgoed op de Kaart&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<i>www.financieelerfgoedopdekaart.nl<\/i>.<\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-8\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oldest-share.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">the oldest Share&nbsp;: VOC 1606 \/ die \u00e4lteste Aktie der Welt<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-9\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"CITEREFShorto2013\" class=\"citation web cs1\">Shorto, Russell (27 September 2013).&nbsp;<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/09\/29\/travel\/the-ghosts-of-amsterdam.html?_r=0\" rel=\"nofollow\">&#8220;The Ghosts of Amsterdam&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<i><a title=\"The New York Times\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_New_York_Times\">The New York Times<\/a><\/i><span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved&nbsp;<span class=\"nowrap\">7 April<\/span>&nbsp;2014<\/span>.&nbsp;<q>But when I&#8217;m on the Nes I feel I&#8217;m about to run into a tall, handsome, wily man who in his day favored lace collars and a twisty little mustache. His name was Dirck van Os, and, while history has forgotten him, his house on this street (which, alas, no longer exists) could be considered the birthplace of capitalism. For four months in 1602, Amsterdammers streamed into his parlor to buy pieces of a new kind of corporation, one that allowed backers to sell their portion at a later date, at a higher (or lower) value. The Dutch East India Company transformed the world, and it made Amsterdam, briefly and improbably, the most powerful city in the world. But its biggest contribution to history may be in the fact that in this little alley van Os and his merchant colleagues gave birth to the concept of &#8220;shares of stock.&#8221; A few years later, a little farther down the&nbsp;<a title=\"Nes (Amsterdam)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nes_(Amsterdam)\">street<\/a>, came the first&nbsp;<a class=\"extiw\" title=\"nl:Beurs van Hendrick de Keyser\" href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Beurs_van_Hendrick_de_Keyser\">stock exchange<\/a>. Things would never be the same.<\/q><\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-10\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150514213736\/http:\/\/www.beemsterbuitenplaatsen.nl\/PK57.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">&#8220;BeemsterBuitenplaatsen PK57&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.beemsterbuitenplaatsen.nl\/PK57.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 2015-05-14<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved&nbsp;<span class=\"nowrap\">2014-04-07<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-11\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite class=\"citation web cs1\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140408221206\/http:\/\/www.oneindignoordholland.nl\/nl-NL\/verhaal\/1077\/dirck-van-oss-stamvader-voc-mentaliteit\" rel=\"nofollow\">&#8220;Oneindig Noord Holland \/ Dirck van Oss, stamvader VOC-mentaliteit&#8221;<\/a>. Archived from&nbsp;<a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oneindignoordholland.nl\/nl-NL\/verhaal\/1077\/dirck-van-oss-stamvader-voc-mentaliteit\" rel=\"nofollow\">the original<\/a>&nbsp;on 2014-04-08<span class=\"reference-accessdate\">. Retrieved&nbsp;<span class=\"nowrap\">2014-04-07<\/span><\/span>.<\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Joslyn_Finds_Rembrandt_In_Its_Attic-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><b><a title=\"Jump up\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirck_van_Os#cite_ref-Joslyn_Finds_Rembrandt_In_Its_Attic_12-0\" aria-label=\"Jump up\">^<\/a><\/b><\/span>&nbsp;<span class=\"reference-text\"><cite id=\"CITEREFLogan2014\" class=\"citation news cs1\">Logan, Casey (April 6, 2014). &#8220;Joslyn Finds Rembrandt In Its Attic&#8221;.&nbsp;<i>The Omaha World-Herald Newspaper, Omaha, Douglas County, NE, USA<\/i>. pp.&nbsp;1 &amp; 4A.&nbsp;<q>Only In The World-Herald<\/q><\/cite><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class='footnotes' id='footnotes-10276'>\n<div class='footnotedivider'><\/div>\n<ol>\n<li id='fn-10276-1'> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historischgenootschapbeemster.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018-11-Schouwschuit.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nelleke de Vries (2018) Wie portretteerde Dirck van Os? p. 22<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-1'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-2'> https:\/\/www.knggw.nl\/raadplegen\/de-nederlandsche-leeuw\/1907-25\/69\/ <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-2'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-3'> <a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.de\/books?id=ZgIZBQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR5&amp;hl=de&amp;source=gbs_selected_pages&amp;cad=1#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L. Petram (2014) The World&#8217;s First Stock Exchange<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-3'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-4'> https:\/\/brakkegrond.nl\/de-geschiedenis-van-de-brakke-grond <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-4'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-5'> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.utrechtaltijd.nl\/collecties\/detail\/?collection=utralt_collectienederlandvc_dcn-catharijneconvent-BMH-g2342a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Utrecht altijd<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-5'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-6'> J. Buisman (2000) Duizend jaar weer, wind en water, deel IV, p. 167 <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-6'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-7'> <a href=\"https:\/\/onh.nl\/verhaal\/dirck-van-oss-stamvader-voc-mentaliteit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/onh.nl\/verhaal\/dirck-van-oss-stamvader-voc-mentaliteit<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-7'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-8'> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.nl\/books\/edition\/_\/0ssy1CvDbpMC?hl=nl&amp;gbpv=1&amp;pg=PA10&amp;dq=dirck+van+os\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Haerlemmer-Meer-Boeck door Jan A. Leeghwater, p. 10<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-8'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-9'> <a href=\"https:\/\/waterlandsarchief.nl\/images\/nadere%20toegangen\/eigenaars%20van%20landerijen%20in%20de%20beemster.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/waterlandsarchief.nl\/images\/nadere%20toegangen\/eigenaars%20van%20landerijen%20in%20de%20beemster.pdf<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-9'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-10'> <a href=\"https:\/\/geschiedenislokaalwaterland.nl\/bronnen\/dirck-van-os\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/geschiedenislokaalwaterland.nl\/bronnen\/dirck-van-os<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-10'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-11'> In 1659 a child of Dirck Pestalozzi was buried in this grave; in 1661 Coenraad Pestalozzi; in 1666 the latter&#8217;s widow, Geertruijd van Os. <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-11'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-12'> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historischgenootschapbeemster.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/DNS005.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.historischgenootschapbeemster.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/DNS005.pdf<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-12'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-13'> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbnl.org\/tekst\/meij090hekk01_01\/meij090hekk01_01_0011.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.dbnl.org\/tekst\/meij090hekk01_01\/meij090hekk01_01_0011.php<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-13'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-14'> <a href=\"https:\/\/beemsterraadsinformatie.purmerend.nl\/Vergaderingen\/Gemeenteraad\/2015\/10-februari\/21:00\/Ingekomen-stukken-\/1a-20150106-bijlage-nota-Geluk-in-de-Beemster.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/beemsterraadsinformatie.purmerend.nl\/Vergaderingen\/Gemeenteraad\/2015\/10-februari\/21:00\/Ingekomen-stukken-\/1a-20150106-bijlage-nota-Geluk-in-de-Beemster.pdf<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-14'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-15'> He also had a son called Dirck (-1671). <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-15'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-16'> <a href=\"https:\/\/familysearch.org\/ark:\/61903\/3:1:3QS7-89QV-T2V3?cc=2037985&amp;wc=SM9Q-16D%3A1293193204%2C382095101%2C383711001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/familysearch.org\/ark:\/61903\/3:1:3QS7-89QV-T2V3?cc=2037985&amp;wc=SM9Q-16D%3A1293193204%2C382095101%2C383711001<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-16'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id='fn-10276-17'> <a href=\"https:\/\/research.frick.org\/montias\/inventoryList\/605\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/research.frick.org\/montias\/inventoryList\/605<\/a> <span class='footnotereverse'><a href='#fnref-10276-17'>&#8617;<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_10276\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"10276\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dirck van Os (Antwerp, 1556 \u2013 Amsterdam, 1615) was an Amsterdam merchant, insurer, and financier, originally from Brabant.1 He is among the founders of the Compagnie van Verre, the&nbsp;United East India Company (VOC),&nbsp; the Amsterdam Exchange Bank and the main investor in the Beemster.[1] Contents 1 Biography 2 Family 3 References 4 External links Biography &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/dirck-van-os\/\" class=\"more-link\">Lees verder <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Dirck van Os<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_10276\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"10276\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10276","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dirck van Os - Taco Tichelaar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/dirck-van-os\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"nl_NL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dirck van Os\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dirck van Os (Antwerp, 1556 \u2013 Amsterdam, 1615) was an Amsterdam merchant, insurer, and financier, originally from Brabant.1 He is among the founders of the Compagnie van Verre, the&nbsp;United East India Company (VOC),&nbsp; the Amsterdam Exchange Bank and the main investor in the Beemster.[1] Contents 1 Biography 2 Family 3 References 4 External links Biography &hellip; Lees verder Dirck van Os &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/dirck-van-os\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Taco Tichelaar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/taco.tichelaar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-06-22T15:54:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/a4\/Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\/800px-Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Geschatte leestijd\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dirck van Os - Taco Tichelaar\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/upload.wikimedia.org\\\/wikipedia\\\/commons\\\/thumb\\\/a\\\/a4\\\/Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\\\/800px-Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-19T08:44:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-06-22T15:54:47+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/upload.wikimedia.org\\\/wikipedia\\\/commons\\\/thumb\\\/a\\\/a4\\\/Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\\\/800px-Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/upload.wikimedia.org\\\/wikipedia\\\/commons\\\/thumb\\\/a\\\/a4\\\/Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\\\/800px-Dirck_van_Os_merchant_portrait_1583.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/dirck-van-os\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Dirck van Os\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/\",\"name\":\"Taco Tichelaar\",\"description\":\"geschiedenis, huisonderzoek\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9507958c5bf79d94fffc2702606bc3a6\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/tacotichelaar.nl\\\/wordpress\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9507958c5bf79d94fffc2702606bc3a6\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"nl-NL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a49b40cf75021306b5946fce4549f64c43bfe4038dec77cf518111eb1b9e3f77?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a49b40cf75021306b5946fce4549f64c43bfe4038dec77cf518111eb1b9e3f77?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a49b40cf75021306b5946fce4549f64c43bfe4038dec77cf518111eb1b9e3f77?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a49b40cf75021306b5946fce4549f64c43bfe4038dec77cf518111eb1b9e3f77?s=96&d=identicon&r=g\"},\"description\":\"My hobby is house and occupant research of canal houses in Amsterdam. Of some canal houses much is known, but in general I collect relevant information in tax books, stored in the Amsterdam city archive, in the literature or on internet. \u201c According to Zhuang zi, a Tao philosopher life is limited and knowledge to be gained is unlimited.' 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