{"id":1252,"date":"2014-12-04T08:27:56","date_gmt":"2014-12-04T06:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/?page_id=1252"},"modified":"2016-02-06T10:57:26","modified_gmt":"2016-02-06T08:57:26","slug":"samuel-iperusz-wiselius","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/patriottentijd\/samuel-iperusz-wiselius\/","title":{"rendered":"Samuel Iperusz. Wiselius, de revolutionair"},"content":{"rendered":"<p id=\"firstHeading\" class=\"firstHeading\" lang=\"en\"><span dir=\"auto\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Samuel_Iperusz_Wiselius_from_dbnlorg.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d6\/Samuel_Iperusz_Wiselius_from_dbnlorg.jpg\/200px-Samuel_Iperusz_Wiselius_from_dbnlorg.jpg\" alt=\"Samuel Iperusz Wiselius from dbnlorg.jpg\" width=\"202\" height=\"259\" data-file-width=\"212\" data-file-height=\"271\" \/><\/a><\/span><b>Samuel Iperusz Wiselius<\/b> (4 February 1769 \u2013 15 May 1845) was a successful <a title=\"Netherlands\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Netherlands\">Dutch<\/a> lawyer and a prominent <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Patriots_%28faction%29\">Patriot<\/a> and democrat, involved in the dismantling of the <a title=\"Dutch East India Company\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_East_India_Company\">Dutch East India Company<\/a> (VOC) and the negotiations over the <a title=\"Cape Colony\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cape_Colony\">Cape<\/a>. Wiselius was a witty, <a title=\"Voltaire\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Voltaire\">Voltairian<\/a> spirit with political views far ahead of his time who would end his days writing dramas on Classical themes. &#8230;<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup> Wiselius corresponded with nearly all the main players at the time of the <a title=\"Batavian Republic\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Batavian_Republic\">Batavian Republic<\/a> and it would be impossible to know that period completely without his carefully kept and neatly written correspondence. He was also a poet, historian and superintendent of the police.<\/p>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\">\n<div id=\"toctitle\">\n<h2>Contents<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Life\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Life<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Early_life\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Early life<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Batavian_Republic\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Batavian Republic<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Kingdom_of_Holland\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Kingdom of Holland<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1.4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Kingdom of the Netherlands<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Reception\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Reception<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Works_.28selection.29\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Works (selection)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#Sources\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Sources<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#External_links\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">External links<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Life\" class=\"mw-headline\">Life<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Early_life\" class=\"mw-headline\">Early life<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Samuel was born in <a title=\"Amsterdam\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amsterdam\">Amsterdam<\/a>, the only son of the oil merchant Iperus Wiselius, himself a Patriot and a captain in the <a title=\"Schutterij\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Schutterij\">civic guard<\/a>, promoted to colonel in May 1787. He grew up on Nieuwezijds Kolk, probably the oldest spot in the city centre. Samuel studied law and classics on the <a title=\"Athenaeum Illustre of Amsterdam\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Athenaeum_Illustre_of_Amsterdam\">Athenaeum Illustre<\/a>. In 1786 he travelled to <a title=\"Franeker\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Franeker\">Franeker<\/a>, and showed his essay on dismissing the local <a title=\"Militia\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Militia\">militia<\/a> in 1650 to <a title=\"Johan Valckenaer\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johan_Valckenaer\">Johan Valckenaer<\/a> and <a title=\"Theodorus van Kooten\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Theodorus_van_Kooten\">Theodorus van Kooten<\/a>, then progressive professors at the local University.<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-3\">[3]<\/a><\/sup> Although the article went missing, the friendship remained, when the three took a prominent role in the country&#8217;s future after the year 1795.<\/p>\n<p>Samuel had to write a new thesis and obtained his doctorate from <a title=\"Leiden University\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leiden_University\">Leiden<\/a> in 1790. He immediately became a lawyer at the Council of Holland, which also served as a court of law. In 1791 Wiselius was the founder of the brotherhood of <i>l&#8217;Infanterie des Cinq Sabres<\/i> (&#8220;Infantry of the Five Sabres&#8221;) at Leiden, a flirtation with <a title=\"Freemasonry\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Freemasonry\">freemasonry<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-4\">[4]<\/a><\/sup> (<a title=\"Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart\">Mozart<\/a> had gained great success that year with his masonically-inspired opera <i><a title=\"The Magic Flute\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Magic_Flute\">The Magic Flute<\/a><\/i>). Wiselius moved with his family to Amsterdam in a house at <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Prinsengracht\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prinsengracht\">Prinsengracht<\/a>, across the <a title=\"Noorderkerk\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Noorderkerk\">Noorderkerk<\/a>. He had full house in 1793 with three lectures for the society <i>Doctrina et Amicitia<\/i> in the <a title=\"Kalverstraat\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kalverstraat\">Kalverstraat<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup> Wiselius proclaimed that the <a title=\"French Revolution\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/French_Revolution\">French Revolution<\/a> signalled a radical new beginning. No longer was it necessary to take heed of the heavy burden of the past, he argued, but the future could be based on development and progress.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-6\">[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Batavian_Republic\" class=\"mw-headline\">Batavian Republic<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\">\n<figure style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a class=\"image\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Wiselius.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6c\/Wiselius.jpg\/200px-Wiselius.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"249\" data-file-width=\"433\" data-file-height=\"539\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wiselius by Gilles-Louis Chr\u00e9tien, probably made in 1798 when Wiselius visited Paris for negotiations about Dutch ships (under non-Dutch flags), full of trade goods, which had been impounded by the French. Wiselius was bullied and returned frustrated and empty-handed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>When French troops had approached the rivers <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"River Rhine\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/River_Rhine\">Rhine<\/a> and <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"River Meuse\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/River_Meuse\">Meuse<\/a> in November 1794, the Patriots started to prepare for a revolution and to stockpile weapons. The hiding place was discovered, and Jacobus van Staphorst and <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cornelis_Rudolphus_Theodorus_Krayenhoff\">Cornelis Rudolphus Theodorus Krayenhoff<\/a> had to leave the city to avoid being captured. The society in the Kalverstraat was closed down by the police and Wiselius, the president, had to announce the message to its members. In January 1795 Wiselius and <a title=\"Nicolaas van Staphorst\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nicolaas_van_Staphorst\">Nicolaas van Staphorst<\/a> were part of the revolutionary committee that occupied the townhall. Wiselius stood before the city government in the nearby <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Royal Palace (Amsterdam)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Palace_%28Amsterdam%29\">townhall<\/a> on the <a title=\"Dam Square\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dam_Square\">Dam Square<\/a> to state that the time had arrived for them to resign.<sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-7\">[7]<\/a><\/sup> The next morning, the new leaders moved in without much ado and voted <a title=\"Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rutger_Jan_Schimmelpenninck\">Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck<\/a> as their president. <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Stadholder William V\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stadholder_William_V\">Stadholder William V<\/a> escaped by boat from the beach near the Hague to England; there were no casualties and it is known as a <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Velvet revolution\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Velvet_revolution\">velvet revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Together with <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pieter_Paulus\">Pieter Paulus<\/a>, Wiselius advocated an entirely new order, with more powerful central leadership. He distanced himself clearly from the <a title=\"Union of Utrecht\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Union_of_Utrecht\">Union of Utrecht<\/a>, which in his view was only &#8220;a weak, barely coherent, and in many senses useless treaty violated almost daily&#8221; (<i>een zwak, weinig samenhangend, veelszins nutteloos en schier dagelijks geschonden tractaat<\/i>).<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-8\">[8]<\/a><\/sup> The vast powers which the Provincial States (the highest authorities in the provinces) had wielded over the past two hundred years were to be reduced to those of mere clerical institutions.<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-9\">[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>In 1796 he was appointed one of the twenty-eight members of the Committee on the East-Indies Trade and Possessions (<i>Comit\u00e9 tot den Oost-Indischen Handel en Bezittingen<\/i>), along with <a title=\"Wybo Fijnje\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wybo_Fijnje\">Wybo Fijnje<\/a>, with whom he quarrelled two years later. The committee had to come up with a way of dealing with the bankrupt VOC, a symbol of the <a title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime\">Ancien R\u00e9gime<\/a>&#8216;s power. The <a title=\"Dutch East India Company\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_East_India_Company\">Dutch East India Company<\/a> was nationalised, its so-called Outer Chambers in <a title=\"Middelburg\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middelburg\">Middelburg<\/a>, <a title=\"Delft\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Delft\">Delft<\/a>, <a title=\"Enkhuizen\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enkhuizen\">Enkhuizen<\/a> and <a title=\"Hoorn\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hoorn\">Hoorn<\/a> closed down and its surplus employees dismissed. In 1798 the Unitarists Wiselius, Von Liebeherr, <a title=\"Wybo Fijnje\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wybo_Fijnje\">Wybo Fijnje<\/a> and <a title=\"Quint Ondaatje\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Quint_Ondaatje\">Quint Ondaatje<\/a> were involved in the plans of a coup by <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Daendels\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daendels\">Daendels<\/a>. The French ambassador <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charles_Delacroix\">Charles Delacroix<\/a> was willing to help if the Dutch came up with a substantial financial reward.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-10\">[10]<\/a><\/sup> In 1801, Wiselius wrote a pamphlet making a laughing-stock of Guillelmus Titsingh, a former <a title=\"Dutch East India Company\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dutch_East_India_Company\">Dutch East India Company<\/a>-administrator.<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup> As a result, Wiselius was not re-appointed as one of the nine members of the Council of Asian Possessions and Establishments (<i>Raad van Aziatische Bezittingen en Etablissementen<\/i>). A furious Wiselius accused his former colleagues of mismanagement.<sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-12\">[12]<\/a><\/sup> Wiselius had more respect for <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Dirk van Hogendorp (1761-1822)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dirk_van_Hogendorp_%281761-1822%29\">Dirk van Hogendorp<\/a>, a precursor of <a title=\"Multatuli\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Multatuli\">Multatuli<\/a>. In 1807 <a title=\"Herman Willem Daendels\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Herman_Willem_Daendels\">Herman Willem Daendels<\/a> was sent to Batavia to prepare for the necessary changes.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Kingdom_of_Holland\" class=\"mw-headline\">Kingdom of Holland<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The appointment of <a title=\"Louis Bonaparte\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Bonaparte\">Louis Bonaparte<\/a> as King of the Netherlands led to vehement protests in 1806. Wiselius was among those refusing to offer their services to &#8220;Mr Bonaparte&#8221; (<i>den heer Bonaparte<\/i>). Left without a post, Wiselius now devoted himself to his private interests: the history of <a title=\"Ancient Greece\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ancient_Greece\">Ancient Greece<\/a> and of the city of <a title=\"Amsterdam\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Amsterdam\">Amsterdam<\/a>, and writing plays and poems, living in his country house at the borders of the River <a title=\"Vecht (Utrecht)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vecht_%28Utrecht%29\">Vecht<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Later Wiselius was to publish the charter of 1275. He was also involved in the repairs of the dilapidated historic castle <a title=\"Muiderslot\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muiderslot\">Muiderslot<\/a>, which was to become museum.<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-13\">[13]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>It was long suggested that it was Wiselius, not <a title=\"Maria Aletta Hulshoff\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maria_Aletta_Hulshoff\">Maria Aletta Hulshoff<\/a>, who wrote the radical pamphlet entitled <i>Oproeping aan het Bataafse volk<\/i> (&#8220;An Appeal to the Batavian People&#8221;). Valckenaer defended her and Wiselius helped the radical Hulshoff escape to England.<sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-14\">[14]<\/a><\/sup> In 1811, the year after, she moved to New York.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands\" class=\"mw-headline\">Kingdom of the Netherlands<\/span><\/h3>\n<div class=\"thumb tleft\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\">\n<figure style=\"width: 200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Nieuweherengracht99.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/fd\/Nieuweherengracht99.jpg\/200px-Nieuweherengracht99.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"311\" data-file-width=\"637\" data-file-height=\"989\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">No 99 Nieuwe Herengracht (in 2007)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\u00a0In 1814, Wiselius was appointed director of the Amsterdam Police after he had refused to accept a position in <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Djakarta\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Djakarta\">Batavia<\/a>. He preferred to stay with his children when his wife died. In 1817, Wiselius was appointed secretary to the <a title=\"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences\">Royal Institute of Sciences<\/a> (KNI) as successor to <a title=\"Willem Bilderdijk\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Willem_Bilderdijk\">Willem Bilderdijk<\/a>. On August, 1824 Wiselius was visited in his recently rented house, at a prestigious canal in the <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Jewish\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jewish\">Jewish<\/a> neighborhood, not by <a title=\"Louis Bonaparte\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Louis_Bonaparte\">Louis Bonaparte<\/a> (as a long-lived legend about his house at Nieuwe Herengracht 99 would have it), but by <a title=\"Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden\">Gustav IV<\/a>, the deposed and exiled king of Sweden.<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-15\">[15]<\/a><\/sup> The two men discussed <i><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Revivalism\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Revivalism#Het_R.C3.A9veil\">Het R\u00e9veil<\/a><\/i>, a new, revivalist religious movement, which had started around 1810 in Switzerland.<sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-16\">[16]<\/a><\/sup> Wiselius showed him the largest room of his house, with a view on the park and five enormous fixed paintings: hunting scenes by <a title=\"Jan Weenix\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jan_Weenix\">Jan Weenix<\/a>. A few years before Gustav had given up his <a title=\"Attic\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Attic\">attic<\/a> at the smelly <a title=\"Birsig\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Birsig\">Birsig<\/a> in <a title=\"Basel\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Basel\">Basel<\/a>.<\/div>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\">\n<figure style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Jan_Weenix_1697_from_Edinburgh_NG_2523.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f3\/Jan_Weenix_1697_from_Edinburgh_NG_2523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"276\" data-file-width=\"260\" data-file-height=\"276\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Landscape with a Huntsman and Dead Game (Allegory of the Sense of Smell) by Jan Weenix. This painting is in the National Galleries of Scotland in Edinburgh, Scotland.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\">The fixed paintings were very fashionable and appreciated in the <a title=\"Romanticism\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Romanticism\">Romantic<\/a> era. Actually the building had always been favoured by rich and illustrious art lovers, such as <a title=\"Hendrik Grav\u00e9\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hendrik_Grav%C3%A9\">Hendrik Grav\u00e9<\/a> and <a title=\"Isaac de Pinto\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Isaac_de_Pinto\">Isaac de Pinto<\/a>. In 1923, the paintings were sold in a private arrangement by the <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Order of Poor Ladies\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Order_of_Poor_Ladies\">Order of Poor Ladies<\/a> to the media magnate <a title=\"William Randolph Hearst\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Randolph_Hearst\">William Randolph Hearst<\/a>, who was travelling through Europe in search of objects for his <a title=\"Hearst Castle\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hearst_Castle\">Hearst Castle<\/a> estate on the Californian coast. Since a few decades the paintings have been dispersed; two of them are in the <a title=\"Carlyle Hotel\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carlyle_Hotel\">Carlyle Hotel<\/a> in New York, where Hearst lived for some time, one is in Edinburgh, one is since 1953 in the <a title=\"Allen Memorial Art Museum\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allen_Memorial_Art_Museum\">Allen Memorial Art Museum<\/a> and one painting seems to be lost.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In 1835, as the head of the police, Wiselius was involved in controlling the tax revolts, organized by house owners at <a class=\"new\" title=\"Herenmarkt (page does not exist)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=Herenmarkt&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Herenmarkt<\/a> square and in the <a title=\"Jordaan\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jordaan\">Jordaan<\/a> neighbourhood. Afterwards he and the city mayor were heavily criticised, while sitting dozy in their chairs, after a meal.<sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup> Wiselius had not attended in person, but had dispatched a commissioner instead.<sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-18\">[18]<\/a><\/sup> Wiselius resigned in 1840, but kept his position as secretary of the KNI&#8217;s literary division for a few more years.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Reception\" class=\"mw-headline\">Reception<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>After his death his son-in-law, P. van Limburg Brouwer, a physician and writer, wrote a dull biography, but with some crucial details. The statesman <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Johan Rudolf Thorbecke\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Johan_Rudolf_Thorbecke\">J.R. Thorbecke<\/a> in his <i>Historische Schetsen<\/i> (&#8220;Historical Sketches&#8221;), published in 1860, criticised the biographer, his subject and his florid jargon. Some authors regard Wiselius as forceful, sharp-witted, animated or even overstrung. <a title=\"Simon Schama\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simon_Schama\">Simon Schama<\/a> hardly ever has a positive opinion of Wiselius and the Patriot brotherhood, describing them as only quasi-intellectual ,<sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-19\">[19]<\/a><\/sup> and Wiselius himself as a minor figure, a <a title=\"Jacobin (politics)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jacobin_%28politics%29\">Jacobin<\/a>, a <a title=\"Turncoat\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Turncoat\">renegade<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-20\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samuel_Iperusz._Wiselius#cite_note-20\">[20]<\/a><\/sup> and an over-loud, pessimistic drawing-room liberal who shirked real issues, and ended up leaving politics an embittered man.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Works_.28selection.29\" class=\"mw-headline\">Works (selection)<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><i>Proeve over de verschillende regeringsvormen, in derzelver betrekking tot het maatschappelijk geluk \/ door S.I.Z. Wiselius (1831)<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>De staatkundige verlichting der Nederlanden, in een wijsgeerig-historisch tafereel geschetst\u00a0: een geschrift van den jare 1793. Wiselius, Samuel Iperuszoon \/ 2e dr \/ Brest van Kempen \/ 1828<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Geschiedenis van Oud-Griekenland \/ J. Del. de Sales\u00a0; in het Nederduitsch vert. en met aanm. en bijvoegzelen verm. door Samuel Iperuszoon Wiselius\u00a0; 1808\u20131817<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Berijmde vertaling van het XIVde hoofdstuk van den propheet Jesaia. Wiselius, S.Iz. \/ Hendrik Gartman \/ 1813<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Wederlegging van het Nader request en de zogenaamde Memorie adstructief van Mr. H. C. Cras, W. Willink en D. M. van Gelder de Neufville, aan het staats-bewind der Bataafsche Republiek, ingediend van wegen eenige participanten in de gewezen Oost-Indische Compagnie. Wiselius, Samuel Iperuszoon \/ Willem Holtrop \/ 1803<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Beroep van mr. S.Iz. Wiselius, lid van den Raad der Asiatische Bezittingen en Etablissementen, op het Bataafsche volk, ter zake van den inhoud eens briefs door het wetgeevend ligchaam van het Bataafsch gemeenebest aan het staats-bewind der Bataafsche Republiek, gezonden ten geleide van de toestemming in de begroting der staats-behoeften over den jaare 1804.Wiselius, S.Iz. \/ W. Holtrop \/ 1804<\/i><\/li>\n<li><i>Berijmde vertaling van den lierzang van Habakuk, zijnde het 3de hoofdstuk diens propheets. Wiselius, S.Iz. \/ H. Gartman \/ 1815<\/i><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Sources\" class=\"mw-headline\">Sources<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><i>This article is based entirely or partially on its equivalent on Dutch Wikipedia<\/i>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-dbnl-1\"><span class=\"reference-text\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dbnl.org\/auteurs\/auteur.php?id=wise001\" rel=\"nofollow\">Samuel Iperusz Wiselius at DBNL.org<\/a> accessed 28 September 2007<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Hooft, H. (1998) Patriot and Patrician: To Holland and Ceylon in the Steps of Henrik Hooft and Pieter Ondaatje, champions of the Dutch democracy, p. 187.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Limburg Brouwer, P. van (1846) Het leven van Mr S.I. Wiselius, p. 24-5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Kluit, M.E. (1953) Cornelis Felix van Maanen tot het herstel der onafhankelijkheid.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Wit, C.H.E. de (1965) De strijd tussen aristocratie en democratie in Nederland 1780-1848, p. 83-93.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"reference-text\"><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=_EsKX3r0Mv4C&amp;pg=PA59&amp;lpg=PA59&amp;dq=%22samuel+wiselius%22&amp;source=web&amp;ots=eLrE3BXciX&amp;sig=XLBuQ9SknkNFXY-MTcVPAT37PHk\" rel=\"nofollow\">Dutch Culture in a European Perspective<\/a> by Willem Frijhoff, Marijke Spies, Published 2004 Uitgeverij Van Gorcum <a class=\"internal mw-magiclink-isbn\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/9023239644\">ISBN 90-232-3964-4<\/a> accessed 28 September 2007<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Dunk, H.W. von der (1995) Het gebouw van de Vaderlandsche Soci\u00ebteit. In: Maandblad Amstelodamum, Jrg 82, p. 65-75.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Vles, E.J. (2004) Pieter Paulus (1753 &#8211; 1796) Patriot en Staatsman, p. 92.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Vles, E.J. (2004) Pieter Paulus (1753 &#8211; 1796) Patriot en Staatsman, p. 112.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Hooft, H. (1998) Patriot and Patrician: To Holland and Ceylon in the Steps of Henrik Hooft and Pieter Ondaatje, champions of the Dutch democracy, p. 193.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Habermehl, N.D.B. (1987) Guillelmus Titsingh, een invloedrijk Amsterdams koopman uit de tweede helft van de achttiende eeuw (1733\u20131805). In: Jrb 97 Amsteldodamum, p. 81-124.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-12\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Schutte, G.J. (1974) De Nederlandse Patriotten en de koloni\u00ebn: Een onderzoek naar hun denkbeelden en optreden, 1770-1800 (<i>The Dutch Patriots and the colonies. An inquiry into the ideas and practices of the Dutch Enlightenment with regard to the colonies, 1770-1800. With a summary in English. pp. 121-2); Schama, S. (1987) Patriots and Liberators. Revolution in the Netherlands 1780 &#8211; 1830, p. 216; G.D. Homan, Nederland in de Napoleontische Tijd 1795-1815, p. 38.<\/i><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Dunk, H.W. von der (1995) De redding van het Muiderslot. De plannen voor de bestemming van een middeleeus kasteel tot Nederlands-Historisch Museum tijdens koning Willem I. In: Maandblad Amstelodamum, Jrg 82, p. 138-168.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-14\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Joor, J. (2000) De Adelaar en het Lam. Onrust, opruiing en onwilligheid in Nederland ten tijde van het Koninkrijk Holland en de Inlijving bij het Franse Keizerrijk (1806\u20131813), p. 487-489.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Wijnman, H.F. (1974) Historische Gids van Amsterdam, p. 224; Limburg Brouwer, P. van (1846) Het leven van Mr S.I. Wiselius, p. 260.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Stunt, T.C.F. (2000) From Awakening to Secession; radical evangelicals in Switzerland and Britain 1815-35). <a title=\"Edinburgh\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edinburgh\">Edinburgh<\/a>, <a title=\"Scotland\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scotland\">Scotland<\/a>, (UK): T&amp;T Clark &#8211; <a class=\"internal mw-magiclink-isbn\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:BookSources\/0567087190\">ISBN 0-567-08719-0<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-17\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Kannegieter, Z.J. (1935) Het belastingoproer te Amsterdam in 1835. In: Amstelodamum XXXII, p. 287.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-18\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Kempen, A.F.J. van (1985) IJ-vorst en IJverzucht. Ambities en rivaliteit in stadsbestuur en gouvernement rondom het belastingoproer van 1835. In: Amstelodamum, p. 136-69.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-19\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Schama, S. (1977) Patriots and Liberators. Revolution in the Netherlands 1780 &#8211; 1830, p. 170.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-20\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Schama, S. (1977) p. 229, 231, 237, 244, 256, 273, 463, 487, 499.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"External_links\" class=\"mw-headline\">External links<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ilab.org\/db\/book1091_6368.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">Entry on Wiselius<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/books.google.nl\/books?id=WMUlp-ZQt_MC&amp;pg=PA243&amp;lpg=PA243&amp;dq=Ondaatje+Hooft+Wiselius&amp;source=web&amp;ots=KB9BH7E2qT&amp;sig=5iaBS3dGXG3u45tnDeBpn54dM84&amp;hl=nl#PPA186,M1\" rel=\"nofollow\">Patriot and Patrian on Wiselius<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"languageicon\">(Dutch)<\/span> <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dbnl.nl\/tekst\/aa__001nieu03\/aa__001nieu03_0582.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">DBNL entry for Wiselius<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tanap.net\/content\/voc\/history\/history_frenchperiod.htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">History of the arrangement of the VOC archives<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalgalleries.org\/index.php\/collection\/online_az\/4:322\/results\/0\/17494\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">One of the paintings by Jan Weenix, made for Nieuwe Herengracht 99<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"languageicon\">(Dutch)<\/span> <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.collignon.tv\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wiselius&#8217;s introduction of the word &#8220;apekool&#8221; (humbug or codswallop) into the Dutch language.<\/a> The word most probably originates in <a title=\"Yiddish language\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yiddish_language\">Yiddish<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"languageicon\">(Dutch)<\/span> <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nationaalarchief.nl\/kind_tot_burger\/html\/schoolwet_cultureel1.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">Wiselius handwriting<\/a><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"languageicon\">(German)<\/span> <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.peter-hug.ch\/lexikon\/1888_bild\/16_0693\" rel=\"nofollow\">Entry in German Meyers Grosses Konversation Lexicon<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_1252\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"1252\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Samuel Iperusz Wiselius (4 February 1769 \u2013 15 May 1845) was a successful Dutch lawyer and a prominent Patriot and democrat, involved in the dismantling of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the negotiations over the Cape. Wiselius was a witty, Voltairian spirit with political views far ahead of his time who would end &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/patriottentijd\/samuel-iperusz-wiselius\/\" class=\"more-link\">Lees verder <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Samuel Iperusz. Wiselius, de revolutionair<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_1252\" class=\"pvc_stats all  \" data-element-id=\"1252\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/tacotichelaar.nl\/wordpress\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2301,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1252","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Samuel Iperusz. 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